ClO2 Comparison vs. Other Sanitation Methods (1)

2017-10-19

Name Item	Chlorine Dioxide (Clo2)	Sodium Hypochlorite/ Calcium Hypchlorite	Ozone	Phenol
Efficacy	High	Moderate	High	High
Microbial Range	Broad spectrum effective against all bacteria, viruses, mold, fungi, and algae, including spore-formers like Giardia and Cryptosporidium	Relatively ineffective against most viruses, molds, fungi and spore-formers	Broad spectrum effective against all types of microorganisms, including spore-forming types	Effective against most Microorganisms except certain spore-formers such as Giardia
Contact Time	Few seconds to few minutes	Usually minutes to hours	Seconds to minutes	Minutes to an hour or more depending on target organism
Concen-tration	0.1 ppm - 100 ppm	1000 ppm to % range	0.1 ppm - 10 ppm	100 ppm to % range
PH	Neutral	Alkaline	Neutral	Mildly acidic to neutral
Corrosiveness	Negligible at use concentration	Corrosive to iron and aluminum products	May be marginally corrosive to iron and some grades of stainless steel at Higher concentrations	Higher concentrations tend to be more acidic and cause corrosion to iron and certain grades of stainless steel
Toxicity	Negligible at use concentration. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations can produce skin and respiratory irritation	Alkaline compounded products are highly corrosive to tissues. They may produce chlorinated by-products such as chloroform, etc	Probably negligible at use concentrations	Extremely toxic. Chronic exposure can lead to kidney, liver and neurological damage. Highly regulated by OSHA
Bio-degradable	High for reactive chemicals and typical byproducts	Moderate for bleach itself. Low for chlorinated by-products	High	Relatively low
Other Applications	Drinking and wastewater disinfection, deodorization and chemical oxidation	Deodorizer and wastewater treatment. Restricted applications in drinking water sanitation	Primarily used for drinking water and wastewater disinfection with some chemical oxidation applications	Use limited to surface sanitizers and as an active ingredient in sanitizer lubricant formulations
Cost	Moderate	Low	Very high	Moderately high
Other Comments	Does not form chlorinated by-products, e.g. chloroform, chlorophenois, or trichloromethane	Shelf life and stability are poor. Odor and baleaching effects can be a problem	Powerful chemical oxidant and biocide. Highly reactive, affording no residual protection	Phenol is also a Class 1 RCRA hazardous waste which must be disposed of by incineration

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